Sponsored Symposium in the SSIB 2009
by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
Symposium Title:
Preference and satiety for foods induced by taste and visceral stimuli with protein, amino acids, and umami substances
Organizer:
Kunio Torii, PhDs (Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) and Eiichiro Kimura, PhD (Ajinomoto U.S.A., Inc.)
Schedule:
Date: Wednesday, July 29th, 2009
Time: 12:00 – 13:30 (with lunch supply)
Place: Crystal Ballroom in the Benson Hotel in Portland, Oregon
Speakers:
Dr. Ivan E. de Araujo, DPhil
Assistant Professor, The John B Pierce Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine
Title: Postingestive effects of amino acids
Dr. Daniel Tomé, PhD
Professor, INRA and AgroParis Tech, France
Title: Gastro-Intestinal Sensing and Gut-brain signalling of Protein and
Amino Acids : Consequences on satiety and food intake
Dr. Graham Finlayson, PhD (University of Leeds, UK) and
Dr. John E. Blundell, PhD Professor, University of Leeds, UK
Title: Role of umami and savoury taste on food hedonics and eating behaviour in humans
Brief Rationale of the symposium:
Nutrient sensing in the gut plays an important roles both in the regulation
of gastrointestinal processes and in the control of food intake. Both cephalic
and visceral inputs contribute to controlling preferences and amounts of food intake.
The vagus nerve carries information on visceral input concerning the content of
ingested foods and subsequent output for controlling gut functions such as digestion,
absorption, and motility. There is accumulating evidence to support that dietary
proteins and amino acids are detected throughout the entire extent of the gastrointestinal
tract. A first detection process for amino acid involves specialized cells present
in the entire gastro-intestinal tract which carry amino acid receptors on their
luminal membranes. These cells would initiate a signalling process resulting
in the release of gut hormones by enteroendocrine cells present in the epithelia
of the gastrointestinal tract. Another important detection process could involve
epithelial absorptive cells that have the ability to sense variations in luminal
amino acid concentrations via changes in their cellular metabolism. Recently, the
expression of a glutamate receptor has been demonstrated in the rat stomach; and the
gastric vagal afferent fibers respond specifically to umami substances, i.e.,
monosodium glutamate and 5’-ribonucleotides, through the release of nitric oxide
and serotonin. This symposium will provide recent evidences obtained from basic
animal studies to intensive human studies containing significant roles of dietary
glutamate in monitoring and controlling of food intake via taste and vagus nerves.
The psychological and physiological mechanisms of liking/wanting and satiety with the impacts of protein, amino acids,
and savory tastes will be discussed.